China discovers the New World
By Lindsay Beck and Ben Blanchard
BEIJING (Reuters) - The Chinese are said to have discovered gunpowder, paper and the compass, but it may be too early to claim they discovered America.
A map purported to date from 1418 suggesting a Chinese fleet sailed to America decades before Christopher Columbus was displayed in Beijing Monday, but the piece of yellowing paper is the center of a storm of criticism over its authenticity.
The map, which is said to be an 18th-century copy of the 1418 original, shows both North and South America in unusual detail.
It was bought in 2001 by Chinese lawyer and art collector Liu Gang, who says he did not realize its significance until reading a book by a British writer who claimed a Chinese admiral beat Columbus to the punch.
Gavin Menzies, author of the bestseller "1421: the Year China Discovered America," says Admiral Zheng He led a fleet of 30,000 men aboard 300 ships to the American continent in the 15th century to expand Ming China's influence.
"This map embodies information I believe will help us understand Zheng He's seventh voyage," Liu, who bought the map for $500, told a news conference.
"The map shows us the Chinese explorer has been to America years before Columbus. The map also shows us the Chinese understanding of the entire world."
Yet whether Zheng, a Muslim eunuch known to have sailed as far as southern Africa, beat Columbus to America by more than 70 years is bitterly debated.
Some academics point to a score of inconsistencies in both the book and the map, saying, for example, the map uses language that does not fit the style of Ming China.
"I'm inclined to think that it's a fake," said Geoff Wade, a visiting senior research fellow at the National University of Singapore. "There's absolutely no evidence that the Zheng He voyages went anywhere past the east coast of Africa."
Historical records show that from 1405 to 1433, Zheng, under the orders of Emperor Zhu Di, led China's imperial Star Fleet on seven epic voyages.
BEIJING (Reuters) - The Chinese are said to have discovered gunpowder, paper and the compass, but it may be too early to claim they discovered America.
A map purported to date from 1418 suggesting a Chinese fleet sailed to America decades before Christopher Columbus was displayed in Beijing Monday, but the piece of yellowing paper is the center of a storm of criticism over its authenticity.
The map, which is said to be an 18th-century copy of the 1418 original, shows both North and South America in unusual detail.
It was bought in 2001 by Chinese lawyer and art collector Liu Gang, who says he did not realize its significance until reading a book by a British writer who claimed a Chinese admiral beat Columbus to the punch.
Gavin Menzies, author of the bestseller "1421: the Year China Discovered America," says Admiral Zheng He led a fleet of 30,000 men aboard 300 ships to the American continent in the 15th century to expand Ming China's influence.
"This map embodies information I believe will help us understand Zheng He's seventh voyage," Liu, who bought the map for $500, told a news conference.
"The map shows us the Chinese explorer has been to America years before Columbus. The map also shows us the Chinese understanding of the entire world."
Yet whether Zheng, a Muslim eunuch known to have sailed as far as southern Africa, beat Columbus to America by more than 70 years is bitterly debated.
Some academics point to a score of inconsistencies in both the book and the map, saying, for example, the map uses language that does not fit the style of Ming China.
"I'm inclined to think that it's a fake," said Geoff Wade, a visiting senior research fellow at the National University of Singapore. "There's absolutely no evidence that the Zheng He voyages went anywhere past the east coast of Africa."
Historical records show that from 1405 to 1433, Zheng, under the orders of Emperor Zhu Di, led China's imperial Star Fleet on seven epic voyages.
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